FitzOmar: Live Eagle

FitzOmar: Live Eagle. D. Alexander.
In: Creating Literature Out of Life: The Making of Four Masterpieces. University Park, Pennsylvania State University Press, 1996. p. 45-84.

Gives a biographical sketch that suggests the psychological background and context for FitzGerald’s composition of the first (1859) version of the Rubáiyát.

‘Umar Khayyám: philosopher-poet-scientist.

‘Umar Khayyám: philosopher-poet-scientist. S.H. Nasr.
In: Islamic Intellectual Tradition in Persia. Ed. by M. Aminrazavi. London, Routledge, 1996, p. 175-178.

Originally as preface in “Ruba’iyat of Omar Khayyam” , by A. Saidi, 1991

The Protean precursor: Browning and Edward Fitzgerald

The Protean precursor: Browning and Edward Fitzgerald. J. Woolford.
Victorian Literature and Culture 24 (1996), p. 313-332.

Woolford analyzes Robert Browning’s varying attitude towards FitzGerald, as reflected in “Rabbi ben Ezra” and “To Edward FitzGerald,” and argues that FitzGerald, though a contemporary, at times figured for Browning as a Bloomian precursor.