Potter 389: The Whymat (sic) edition

Many items listed in Potter’s Bibliography have been online available for quite some years now. Most of these titles can be found and downloaded on the Archive.org website, in a variety of formats such as ePub, PDF, or Full text etcetera. Here we find the common and popular editions of the Rubáiyát, but also a considerable number of the more inconspicuous ones. One exeample that I came across recently is Potter’s number 389. It is listed as follows:

The twelve issues of volume 3 (1915) of the Islamic Review are all available at Archive.org, and in issue 4 (April) we find Potter’s reference on  pages 194-195. First thing we notice is Potter’s misspelling of the name: Whymat in stead of Whymant. The full title of the section is

There are two verses from Jalal-Ud-Din Rumi, one from Sadi-Al-Shirazi and two from Omar Khayyam.

This section is followed by an article by Whymant, titled ‘The Philosophy of Yesterday’, quoting one quatrain from FitzGerald’s translation (“Come, fill the Cup …”)

As Potter mentions there are seven quatrains from the Ouseley and Calcutta MSS., in the October issue of the same year, in an article titled: ‘The Mysticism of the Ruba’iyat of Omar Khayyam’. It is a response to an article by C.E.H. Wann in the September issue, which itself is a reponse to an earlier article by Whymant, titled ‘The Psychology of the Persian (Mystic) Philosophers’, in the July issue. The discussion is about the question whether Omar was a Muslim, as Whymant argued.

As all these articles (see the hyperlinks below) are online available, the reader may decide for himself whose arguments hold ground. My intention is to merely draw attention to the quatrains and to give the complete text of the nine quatrains. It should be noted that for the first two quatrains no source is given, neither have I been able to trace a corresponding source in my quatrains database.

The quatrains

From: Islamic Review, April 1915:

While dreaming in a mist of early dawn
The false and true upon my sense were borne.
Hast seen the Mosque is now prepared within,
Why dost thou wait—why is thy heart forlorn?

By Allah’s grace we live, we move, we learn,
Our one great lesson—’tis ourselves to spurn,
Is HE not all we need to learn about
Before we to the Higher Mosque adjourn

From: Islamic Review, October 1915:

Let not grim sorrow thus embrace thee now,
Nor empty grief absorb thy days allow.
Leave not this book; the lover’s life enfold,
’Ere earth fold thee; the field’s green bank hold thou! [Ouseley. 76]

And for a time when young we spent a space
With masters, and were pleased with our slow pace,
But when the Doctors closed the discourse down,
Alas! Where were we? Whither gone our grace? [Ouseley. 121]

Behold, we neither know nor yet can guess
The Eternal Riddle, whether no or yes.
The Secret of Eternity still is hid,
Nor in our efforts can we find success, [Calc. 387]

And this thy secret—friend, O! guard it well,
Nor aught of it to friend or foeman tell,
The Tulips that thou seest wither’d there
Will ne’er rebloom—so much for Heaven and Hell. [Ouseley MS. 35]

Trav’lling far by vale, desert, and plain, ;
All through the world I went, but went in vain,
Nought have I heard of one returning thence,
Nor trav’lled once, is that road trod again. [Calcutta MS. 36]

The caravan of life has passed us by
In myst’ry; seize the moment passing by
In happiness, nor dream thou of the Dawn,
A cup of wine, boy! for the dawn is nigh. [Ouseley. 60]

Behold the wise engaged in splitting hairs
About existence, when quite unawares
They perish. Dunces, fools they be,
Choose grape-juice rather that a creed like theirs. [Ouseley. 50]

 The issues

Islamic Review and Muslim India  1915-04: Vol 3 Iss 4: PDF
Islamic Review and Muslim India  1915-07: Vol 3 Iss 7: PDF
Islamic Review and Muslim India  1915-09: Vol 3 Iss 9: PDF
Islamic Review and Muslim India  1915-10: Vol 3 Iss 10: PDF

Omar Khayyám and secularism

Centuries before the Enlightenment in the Christian world (1685 – 1815), secularity was present in the Persian cultural area. As a postdoc, Arash Ghajarjazi, associated with the Beyond Sharia project of Utrecht University, does research on medieval non-conformist ideas and the emergence of secularity in the Persian cultural area. He examines the work of various Persian intellectuals who criticised Islam, including Omar Khayyam. His thinking can sometimes be called downright atheistic and his quatrains are still world-famous. Ghajarjazi discusses his findings in an interview.

Bill Martin 1927-2024

[Image fom Sandra Mason]

Recently the sad news arrived of the death of William Henry ‘Bill’ Martin, beloved husband of Sandra Mason, both prominent authors and researchers in the field of Khayyám studies today.
Bill was a great enthusiast for the Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám and a collector of editions of the rubáiyát ever since his teen years. Throughout his life he propagated and promoted the philosophy and wisdom in the verses of the old Persian ‘hakim’. He was joint author of many works on the Rubáiyát, books, articles, lectures and much more. We only mention the important study The Art of Omar Khayyam (2007), and the analysis of FitzGerald’s letters in The Man Behind the Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám (2016).

Together with Sandra he joined meetings of the Dutch Omar Khayyám Society on several occasions, such as exhibitions and conferences, and contributed to the blog of the Dutch Club. Although Bill always stood somewhat in the background, his knowledge of and his love for the Rubáiyát has contributed to a steadily growing interest in the work of the old Astronomer-Poet of Persia. With Bill Martin we have lost one of the prominent members of the world of Rubáiyát enthusiasts.

As a more personal note: we, my wife and I, first met Bill and Sandra in 2002 and we have been in contact ever since. We learned to know Bill as a very gentle and nice person, always interested in our doings and well-being. The last time we met was June 2023, when he, despite his illness, still remained the remarkable person he has always been to us. What struck us too was how close Bill and Sandra were to each other, and we remember Sandra having said once: when Bill can’t go, I’ll go neither.

The John Roger Paas Collection

Edward FitzGerald’s „Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám“ and Related Materials.The John Roger Paas Collection. Edited by John Roger Paas. Wiesbaden, Harrassowitz Verlag, 2023. 1184 pages, 3 parts. Part 1+2: Text, XXII, 872 pages; Part 3: Plates, 312 pages.

This catalog describes the private collection of Rubáiyát-related books and materials, covering more than 7,000 items. Part I lists the versions of the Rubáiyát, Part II shows references to the Rubáiyát, Part III describes the Rubáiyát in popular culture whereas Part IV includes related FitzGerald items. All this is recorded in three beautifully edited, large volumes. Volume III is an absolute eye-catcher showing over 2,000 book covers in colour.
What makes this catalog absolutely unique is the enormous amount of editions and publications, described in detail, but even more so the records of the individual versions issued by the commercial publishers like Crowell, Barse and Hopkins, Hurst and Company, Collins, Macmillan, Harrap and many more.
Besides that, there is a wealth of bi(bli)ographic information on publishers, translators, artists, which makes this work an indispensable instrument for the serious study of the translations, editions and reference material of the Rubáiyát.

“In the Fire of Spring”

March 23 a conference will be held entitled ”In the Fire of Spring: Omar Khayyam on Love, Hersey, and Resurrection“.

The conference is devoted to Khayyām’s philosophy, his ideas on heresy and resurrection, while also paying ample attention to his textual history and his modern appreciation.

The conference will be organized by Utrecht University, more specific by The ERC Advanced Project Beyond Sharia: The Role of Sufism in Shaping Islam.
The event will be held in Utrecht, Drift 21, Sweelinckzaal (room 0.05). Postal code: 3512 BR

Click here to see the programme of the conference.

First Women Illustrators of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam

Edward FitzGerald’s translation of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam is one of the most famous and most illustrated collections of poetry. From 1899 to 1929, thirteen women each revealed their personal visions of the verses using line-drawings, photographs and paintings.

This and other work revealing the amazing talent of each artist is presented in 13 short and relaxing YouTube videos by Danton H. O’Day on his DantonCanada YouTube Channel (https://www.youtube.com/user/dantoncanada).

See the individual artist video links:

Blanche McManus (2:35)—McManus was the first woman to illustrate the Rubaiyat. She published two books with different sets of Illustrations. https://youtu.be/z14IXaet7VM

Florence Lundborg (1:50)— Using art deco style images, Lundborg illustrated the second Rubaiyat by a woman. https://youtu.be/ZC0H677uFHY

Jessie M. King (1:40)—A multi-talented artist, King did four, line drawings to present a gentle vision of selected verses. https://youtu.be/sO2EhAp1Cok

Adelaide Hanscom (2:43)—Hanscom was a photographic trailblazer producing the first US book illustrated with photographs and the first book featuring male nudes. https://youtu.be/Tncf2m8mCgg

Evelyn Stuart Hardy (1:28)—A prolific artist, Hardy used exquisite Persian-themed paintings coupled with simple line drawings to interpret the verses. https://youtu.be/Wg3u0yIJk-c

Marie Préaud Webb (1:36)—Webb illustrated many books using line drawings. For the Rubaiyat, Webb did four full page drawing reflecting the Persian era and locale. https://youtu.be/Z837NVwONIc

Alice Edith Ross (1:16)—A painter who left little historical evidence, Ross produced dynamic paintings reflect the life & times of Omar’s Rubaiyat. https://youtu.be/xbG4Ogi0DLY

Isabel Hawxhurst Hall (1:33)—Hall produced an impressive Rubaiyat illustrated with 18 charcoal images that reflected the Egyptian popularity at the time. https://youtu.be/xcADmNI0iQo

Mabel Eardley-Wilmot (1:27)— Using 38 unique, often manipulated, images, Wilmot was the 2nd photographer to illustrate the Rubaiyat. https://youtu.be/j-IKyE4Fnrc

Doris M. Palmer (1:18)—Palmer painted 12 full-page vivid watercolours, that reflect the Middle Eastern locale and era, to illustrate the Rubaiyat https://youtu.be/p6auU6hIiyg

Anne Harriet Fish (1:52)—An extremely multitalented artist, FISH did 19 Rubaiyat illustrations ranging from brightly coloured to sombre providing a unique interpretation of the content of the verses. https://youtu.be/S4tPpxXSUus

Hope Weston (1:17)—Weston’s 8 unique and compelling images not only provide an exciting view of the poetry they also required an explanatory forward to set the stage. https://youtu.be/aRjDeDafHdQ

Cecil Gwendolen Trew (1:50)—An historically well documented and talented artist, Trew produced 25 monochrome illustrations bringing the poetry and its Middle Eastern location to life. https://youtu.be/TyFt4iztqAg